Indian engineering exports continued its growth run for the fifth straight month to September 2024 and this time the growth was in double digit after June 2024 at 10.55 percent. Cumulative exports during Apr-Sep 2024 also recorded 5.25 percent growth over the same period last fiscal. September 2024 saw second highest engineering exports in 2024-25 after May 2024. Share of engineering in overall merchandise exports was at an impressive 28.41 percent in September 2024 and at 26.37 percent on a cumulative basis. Growth in engineering exports in September 2024 was attributed to decent rise in shipments of Aircrafts, spacecrafts and parts; industrial machinery; electrical machinery; and medical and scientific instruments. Decline in iron and steel exports moderated to just 2 percent that also contributed to higher overall growth of engineering exports in the month concerned.
Trade Flow | Export figures(in $ billion) | Growth (%) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sep-2023 | Sep-2024 | Apr-Sep 2023-24 | Apr-Sep 2024-25 | Sep-2024 over Sep-2023 | Apr-Sep 2023-24 over Apr-Sep 2024-25 | |
Engineering exports | 8.89 | 9.82 | 53.42 | 56.23 | 10.55% | 5.25% |
Overall merchandise exports | 34.41 | 34.58 | 211.08 | 213.22 | 0.51% | 1.02% |
Share of engineering (%) | 25.83% | 28.41% | 25.31% | 26.37% | --- | --- |
Service Exports | 28.42 | 30.61 | 163.92 | 180.00 | 7.71% | 9.81% |
Source : Compiled from data by DGCI&S and Quick Estimates published by the Government of India
Observation: Excluding the export of iron and steel, engineering exports recorded a higher growth both on a monthly as well as cumulative basis as shown in the table above. Exports of Iron and Steel conceded 2.1 percent year-on-year decline in September 2024 and 26.1 percent year-on-year decline during April-September 2024-25
Trade Flow | Export in Sep-2023 | Export in Sep-2024 | Growth (%) | Exports in Apr-Sep 2023-24 | Exports in Apr-Sep 2024-25 | Growth (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall engineering exports | 8886.54 | 9824.33 | 10.55 | 53421.20 | 56226.95 | 4.21 |
Engineering exports excluding Iron and Steel | 8131.24 | 9084.72 | 11.72 | 47190.03 | 51620.12 | 9.39 |
Source : DGCI&S, Govt. of India
The monthly engineering figures for 2024-25 vis-à-vis 2023-24 are shown below as per the latest DGCI&S estimates:
US$ million
Month | 2023-24 | 2024-25 | Growth (%) |
---|---|---|---|
April | 8949.36 | 8547.86 | -4.49 |
May | 9300.62 | 9991.25 | 7.43 |
June | 8515.72 | 9389.74 | 10.26 |
April-June | 26765.71 | 27928.86 | 4.35 |
July | 8720.3 | 9039.7 | 3.66 |
August | 9048.65 | 9434.06 | 4.26 |
September | 8886.54 | 9824.33 | 10.55 |
July-September | 26655.49 | 28298.09 | 6.16 |
April-September | 53421.2 | 56226.95 | 5.25 |
Source : DGCIS, Govt. of India
We now look at the export scenario of the top 25 nations that had highest demand for Indian engineering products during September 2024 over September 2023 as well as in cumulative terms during April-September 2024-25 vis-à-vis April-September 2023-24. The data clearly shows that top 25 countries contribute 75.9% of total engineering exports.
(US$ million)
Countries | Sep-2023 | Sep-2024 | Growth (%) | April-September 2023-24 | April-September 2024-25 | Growth (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
U S A | 1435.97 | 1551.56 | 8.05% | 8734.23 | 9278.41 | 6.23% |
U ARAB EMTS | 448.36 | 672.13 | 49.91% | 2695.4 | 3902.86 | 44.8% |
SAUDI ARAB | 455.84 | 388.7 | -14.73% | 2208.08 | 2613.55 | 18.36% |
FRANCE | 186.8 | 384.51 | 105.84% | 1075.47 | 1155.04 | 7.4% |
GERMANY | 336.18 | 361.21 | 7.44% | 2089.78 | 2087.09 | -0.13% |
U K | 265.26 | 324.96 | 22.51% | 1815.85 | 1942.28 | 6.96% |
MEXICO | 214.83 | 300.88 | 40.06% | 1583.54 | 1892.07 | 19.48% |
SINGAPORE | 348.31 | 288.49 | -17.18% | 1705.92 | 1960.99 | 14.95% |
SOUTH AFRICA | 202.92 | 277.86 | 36.93% | 1152.07 | 1172.39 | 1.76% |
CHINA P RP | 260.24 | 264.2 | 1.52% | 1228.6 | 1342.8 | 9.3% |
JAPAN | 170.09 | 256.99 | 51.09% | 888.43 | 1165 | 31.13% |
ITALY | 224.78 | 202.48 | -9.92% | 1962.85 | 1487.76 | -24.2% |
TURKEY | 272.59 | 199.7 | -26.74% | 1453.33 | 1663.02 | 14.43% |
NEPAL | 175.36 | 198.94 | 13.44% | 1175.27 | 1095.67 | -6.77% |
KOREA RP | 174.53 | 192.73 | 10.43% | 1400.15 | 1286.41 | -8.12% |
BRAZIL | 149.02 | 192.58 | 29.23% | 1004.32 | 1097.55 | 9.28% |
THAILAND | 162.53 | 179.65 | 10.54% | 914.08 | 998.35 | 9.22% |
BANGLADESH PR | 169.72 | 175.95 | 3.67% | 1136.18 | 1024.23 | -9.85% |
OMAN | 39.93 | 174.57 | 337.25% | 422.9 | 465.62 | 10.1% |
NETHERLAND | 163.97 | 151.46 | -7.63% | 1038.29 | 946.29 | -8.86% |
SPAIN | 93.86 | 150.29 | 60.12% | 787.52 | 694.47 | -11.82% |
INDONESIA | 285.71 | 142.98 | -49.96% | 1577.59 | 1087.75 | -31.05% |
BELGIUM | 117.03 | 138.35 | 18.22% | 816.13 | 714.15 | -12.5% |
VIETNAM SOC REP | 108.12 | 121.55 | 12.42% | 577.96 | 698.32 | 20.82% |
MALAYSIA | 178.31 | 114.61 | -35.73% | 911.4 | 724.68 | -20.49% |
Total engineering exports to top 25 countries | 6640.28 | 7407.33 | 11.55% | 40355.33 | 42496.75 | 5.31% |
Total engineering exports | 8886.54 | 9824.33 | 10.55% | 53421.2 | 56226.95 | 5.25% |
Source : DGCI&S
The following table depicts region wise India’s engineering exports for April-September 2024 as compared to April-September 2023.
(US$ million)
Regions | Sep-2023 | Sep-2024 | Growth (%) | April-September 2023-24 | April-September 2024-25 | Growth (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NORTH AMERICA | 1741.02 | 1949.7 | 11.99% | 10901.79 | 11778.35 | 8.04% |
EUROPEAN UNION | 1488.12 | 1910.94 | 28.41% | 10081.31 | 9701.71 | -3.77% |
WANA | 1271.12 | 1614.29 | 27% | 7339.05 | 9108.04 | 24.1% |
ASEAN | 1146.77 | 907.82 | -20.84% | 6104.7 | 5979.61 | -2.05% |
SSA( Sub Saharan Africa) | 696.39 | 794.8 | 14.13% | 4037.47 | 3947.24 | -2.23% |
N E ASIA | 683.21 | 770.41 | 12.76% | 3987.81 | 4277.14 | 7.26% |
OTHER EUROPE | 572.12 | 556.49 | -2.73% | 3459.47 | 3843.53 | 11.1% |
SOUTH ASIA | 543.35 | 521.49 | -4.02% | 2999.9 | 3040.34 | 1.35% |
LATIN AMERICA | 502.66 | 510 | 1.46% | 2927.36 | 2927.19 | -0.01% |
CIS | 120.11 | 164.24 | 36.74% | 810.96 | 919.09 | 13.33% |
OCEANIA | 119.47 | 118.61 | -0.72% | 758.73 | 689.03 | -9.19% |
OTHERS | 2.2 | 5.54 | 151.79% | 12.65 | 15.69 | 23.96% |
Note : *Figures have been rounded off.
Source : DGCI&S **Myanmar has been included in ASEAN and not in South Asia, since ASEAN is a formal economic grouping.
In this section we look at the Engineering Panel wise exports for the month of September 2024 vis-à-vis September 2023 as well as the cumulative exports for April-September 2024-25 vis- à-vis April-September 2023-24. These are indicated in the tables below.
(US$ million)
Product panels | September-2023 | September-2024 | Growth | April-September 2023-24 | April-September 2024-25 | Growth |
IRON AND STEEL | 755.3 | 739.61 | -2.08% | 6231.17 | 4606.82 | -26.07% |
PRODUCTS OF IRON AND STEEL | 849.17 | 827.52 | -2.55% | 4885.05 | 4806.84 | -1.6% |
Sub Total | 1604.47 | 1567.13 | -2% | 11116.23 | 9413.66 | -15% |
Source : DGCI&S
US$ Million
Product panels | September-2023 | September-2024 | Growth | April-September 2023-24 | April-September 2024-25 | Growth |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aluminium and products made of Aluminium | 565.01 | 526.17 | -6.87% | 3618.22 | 3249.18 | -10.2% |
Copper and products made of copper | 271.08 | 246.66 | -9.01% | 1187.07 | 1053.17 | -11.28% |
Lead and products made of Lead | 76.25 | 64.4 | -15.53% | 308.18 | 421.53 | 36.78% |
Nickel and products made of Nickel | 14.08 | 15.15 | 7.61% | 87.33 | 87.68 | 0.4% |
Other Non Ferrous Metals and their products | 62.38 | 78.46 | 25.78% | 367.85 | 424.1 | 15.29% |
Tin and products made of Tin | 1.44 | 2.95 | 105.3% | 7.97 | 11.3 | 41.72% |
Zinc and products made of zinc | 41.47 | 58 | 39.87% | 390.18 | 347.34 | -10.98% |
Sub Total | 1031.71 | 991.8 | -4% | 5966.8 | 5594.3 | -6% |
Source : DGCI&S
US$ Million
Product panels | September-2023 | September-2024 | Growth | April-September 2023-24 | April-September 2024-25 | Growth |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Air condition and Refrigeration Machinery and Parts, Industrial Furnaces, Water heaters and Centrifuges and Compressor | 145.11 | 170.43 | 17.44% | 831.31 | 909.39 | 9.39% |
IC Engines and Parts | 316.39 | 324.03 | 2.41% | 1852.05 | 1844.39 | -0.41% |
Industrial Machinery for dairy, agriculture, food processing, textiles, paper, chemicals, etc | 672.49 | 701.88 | 4.37% | 3976.53 | 4066.78 | 2.27% |
Machine Tools | 58.61 | 61.09 | 4.22% | 365.14 | 392.75 | 7.56% |
Machinery for ATMs, Injecting Moulding machinery, valves, etc | 202.41 | 240.9 | 19.02% | 1232.08 | 1361.01 | 10.46% |
Nuclear Reactors, Industrial Boilers and Parts | 65.01 | 89.15 | 37.13% | 368.08 | 406.76 | 10.51% |
Pumps of all types | 110.14 | 136.23 | 23.68% | 704.58 | 759.17 | 7.75% |
Sub Total | 1570.18 | 1723.71 | 9.78% | 9329.77 | 9740.25 | 4.4% |
Source : DGCI&S
US$ Million
Product panels | September-2023 | September-2024 | Growth | April-September 2023-24 | April-September 2024-25 | Growth |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Electric Machinery and Equipment | 1054.87 | 1281.13 | 21.45% | 6203.2 | 6975.32 | 12.45% |
Source : DGCI&S
US$ Million
Product panels | September-2023 | September-2024 | Growth | April-September 2023-24 | April-September 2024-25 | Growth |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AUTO COMPONENTS/PARTS | 642.025 | 688.684 | 7.27% | 3768.568 | 4089.741 | 8.52% |
AUTO TYRES AND TUBES | 226.942 | 256.807 | 13.16% | 1366.722 | 1511.515 | 10.59% |
Motor Vehicle/cars | 762.562 | 788.897 | 3.45% | 4270.925 | 4397.943 | 2.97% |
Two and Three Wheelers | 203.818 | 266.174 | 30.59% | 1313.806 | 1545.374 | 17.63% |
Sub Total | 1835.348 | 2000.562 | 9% | 10720.022 | 11544.573 | 7.69% |
Source : DGCI&S
US$ Million
Product panels | September-2023 | September-2024 | Growth | April-September 2023-24 | April-September 2024-25 | Growth |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aircrafts, Spacecrafts and Parts | 104.55 | 710.58 | 579.68% | 676.7 | 2970.85 | 2741.64% |
Ships, Boats and Floating Structures | 467 | 169.72 | -63.66% | 2165.62 | 2171.11 | 364.9% |
Sub Total | 571.55 | 880.3 | 54.02% | 2842.32 | 5141.96 | 80.91% |
Source : DGCI&S
US$ Million
Product panels | September-2023 | September-2024 | Growth | April-September 2023-24 | April-September 2024-25 | Growth |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BICYCLE AND PARTS | 30.53 | 32.67 | 7.02% | 183.02 | 186.37 | 1.83% |
Hand Tools, Cutting Tools and Implements made of Metals | 80.06 | 89.18 | 11.4% | 464.13 | 503.06 | 8.39% |
Medical and Scientific Instruments | 190.03 | 257.74 | 35.63% | 1190.48 | 1337.69 | 12.37% |
OFFICE EQUIPMENTS | 19.43 | 22.26 | 14.59% | 165.96 | 140.73 | -15.2% |
OTHER CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY | 250.82 | 268.78 | 7.16% | 1444.14 | 1526.76 | 5.72% |
OTHER MISC. ITEMS | 387.34 | 434.19 | 12.1% | 2325.1 | 2515.18 | 8.18% |
PRIME MICA AND MICA PRODUCTS | 4.73 | 2.57 | -45.77% | 20.76 | 14.96 | -27.92% |
Railway Transport and Parts | 23.35 | 22.23 | -4.81% | 148.78 | 153.67 | 3.29% |
PROJECT GOODS | 0.2 | 0.25 | 27.06% | 1.95 | 1.15 | -41.33% |
OTHR RUBBER PRODCT EXCPT FOOTW | 134.61 | 142.57 | 5.92% | 821.13 | 875.15 | 6.58% |
Source : DGCI&S
Reasons for Decline (As per April-Septepber 2024-25):
a)During April-September 2024-25, India’s exports of Iron and Steel deteriorated by 26% vis-à-vis same period last fiscal, while Products of Iron and Steel deteriorated by 2% during the same period.
b)The ferrous sector continued to record decline in exports mainly due to slackened domestic and global demand pressuring down prices. Plus, China's aggressive export policy is also likely to sustain its negative impact on steel mills across the globe, including India. It is essential to recognize that during the initial five months of FY 2024-25 (April-August), our crude steel production increased by 4.44%, while finished steel production rose by 5.30% compared to the same period last year. Notably, steel consumption has surged by 13.78%. This considerable disparity between production and consumption underscores the necessity for imports to meet the burgeoning demand.
c)In the first five months of FY 2024-25 (April-August), steel exports saw a sharp drop of nearly 40% compared to the same period last year. In contrast, imports rose significantly by over 24%. As a result, net exports shifted from a surplus last year to a noticeable deficit this year, with imports now outpacing exports by a wider margin. This reflects a reversal in the trade balance for steel, with higher import levels and lower export activity.
d)Chinese steel prices have continued to down-trend in September. Even, Indian steel prices are grovelling at near-four-year lows. Flat steel prices, especially of hot rolled coils (HRCs) remained in a bear grip amid lacklustre demand despite the fact that the festive season is round the corner.
e)Top Markets affected: India’s exports to USA and EU markets are getting affected due to several factors. List of various NTMs, including the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and Deforestation-free Regulation (EUDR), impact Indian exports. The economic slowdown in key markets like the USA and EU has reduced demand for imported goods, including those from India.
a)In September global copper prices showed volatility – trended downwards in the beginning of September 2024 before gaining on growing anticipation of a rate cut by the US Federal Reserve which was came through on 18 September.
b)India’s domestic demand has increased driven by demand for clean energy technologies and EV batteries – this is further indicated by India’s growing import of copper concentrate. The Ministry of Mines projects that the demand for copper in India, particularly from the EV sector, will increase by 1.7 million tonnes by 2027. The per capita copper consumption in India is also expected to rise from the current level of 0.6 kg to 1 kg in the coming years. This growing domestic demand is diverting supply away from export markets, further contributing to the decline in exports.
c)Closure of Vedanta's Sterlite copper plant: India's copper production capabilities have been significantly impacted by the closure of Vedanta's Sterlite Copper plant in 2018.
d)According to the International Copper Association, the closure has led to an estimated annual loss of $1 billion in net foreign exchange inflows due to reduced copper exports. Additionally, India has been forced to spend approximately $1.2 billion annually on copper imports to fill the supply gap, further straining the country's trade balance. The loss of this key production facility has reduced India’s ability to compete in the global copper marke
a) Restrictive trade policies and geopolitical tensions
Section 232 and U.S. Tariffs: The U.S. Section 232 tariffs have adversely affected aluminium exports to the U.S., one of India's key markets. Between April and July 2024, India’s aluminium exports to the U.S. declined by 5%. These tariffs are part of broader protectionist measures that have hampered the competitiveness of Indian aluminium products in the U.S. market.
U.S. Anti-Dumping Duties on Aluminium Extrusion Products: On May 1, 2024, the U.S. Department of Commerce announced preliminary antidumping duties on aluminium extrusion products from 14 countries, including India. Indian exporters now face a prohibitive dumping duty rate of 39.05% on products classified under HSN 7604 and HSN 7608. This steep duty rate significantly undermines the competitiveness of Indian aluminium exports in the U.S. market. In response, Indian exporters have submitted detailed representations to the U.S. Department of Commerce, highlighting the potential adverse effects on their businesses.
ASEAN Trade Barriers: In the ASEAN region, countries like Malaysia have imposed high Most Favoured Nation (MFN) duties ranging from 25% to 30% on tariff lines between 7604 to 7608, severely limiting exports from India’s downstream aluminium industry, which predominantly comprises MSMEs. Similarly, Indonesia has placed downstream aluminium products under the Sensitive Track, further restricting market access.
Discrimination in Neighbouring Markets: India’s aluminium exports also face discriminatory practices in neighbouring countries such as Bangladesh. In April 2023, Bangladesh reclassified aluminium billets under HS code 76012090 to 76012000, removing them from the South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA) agreement and imposing a 5% Basic Customs Duty (BCD) on imports from India. This change has increased the cost of exporting aluminium billets to Bangladesh, affecting trade volumes.
b) Fluctuations in global aluminium prices mainly fuelled by geopolitical uncertainties and shifting trade policies across the world. Underlying demand in Europe remains muted and US economy is expected to face a sharp slowdown
c) Rising domestic demand
Infrastructure Development: The Indian government's focus on infrastructure development has led to a significant increase in domestic demand for aluminium. According to ICRA, domestic aluminium demand is expected to grow by around 9% annually over the next two fiscal years. This rising demand has diverted more aluminium towards domestic consumption, reducing the availability of aluminium for export.
The decline in zinc exports is mainly due to growing domestic demand for zinc. India's zinc consumption is estimated to increase to over 2 million tonnes in the next 10 years from the current 1.1 million tonnes as per International Zinc Association (IZA) mainly driven by sustainable energy sectors
(US$ million)
Product panels | Top 5 nations | April-September 2023-24 | April-September 2024-25 | Growth (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Iron and Steel and Products made of Iron and Steel | ||||
U S A | 1646.41 | 1647.12 | 0% | |
ITALY | 1091.3 | 715.44 | -34% | |
U ARAB EMTS | 633.8 | 670.92 | 6% | |
U K | 387.43 | 445.12 | 15% | |
NEPAL | 546.61 | 406.81 | -26% | |
Non-Ferrous Metals and Products made of Non-Ferrous Metals | ||||
U S A | 724.91 | 710.06 | -2% | |
KOREA RP | 647.79 | 473.42 | -27% | |
TURKEY | 121.8 | 408.55 | 235% | |
SAUDI ARAB | 545.14 | 345.23 | -37% | |
CHINA P RP | 205.52 | 305.09 | 48% | |
Industrial Machinery | ||||
U S A | 1848.45 | 2045 | 11% | |
GERMANY | 520.42 | 463.09 | -11% | |
U ARAB EMTS | 379.13 | 448.43 | 18% | |
CHINA P RP | 360.89 | 424.66 | 18% | |
THAILAND | 405.5 | 391.72 | -3% | |
Electrical Machinery | ||||
U S A | 1223.51 | 1352.57 | 11% | |
SINGAPORE | 523.28 | 787.66 | 51% | |
U K | 499.87 | 531.65 | 6% | |
GERMANY | 366.32 | 430.08 | 17% | |
KOREA RP | 200.88 | 361.41 | 80% | |
Automobiles | ||||
U S A | 1199.15 | 1200.63 | 0% | |
MEXICO | 794.9 | 991.25 | 25% | |
SAUDI ARAB | 828.84 | 836.88 | 1% | |
SOUTH AFRICA | 745.55 | 767.42 | 3% | |
U ARAB EMTS | 414.58 | 524.69 | 27% | |
Aircrafts and Spacecraft parts and products | ||||
U ARAB EMTS | 9.26 | 697.11 | 7429% | |
SAUDI ARAB | 1.04 | 352.52 | 33656% | |
FRANCE | 87.7 | 326.27 | 272% | |
U S A | 227.52 | 214 | -6% | |
TURKEY | 44.92 | 189.94 | 323% | |
Ships Boats and Floating products and parts | ||||
U ARAB EMTS | 485.69 | 737.63 | 52% | |
SINGAPORE | 606.36 | 591.36 | -2% | |
U S A | 52.6 | 250.35 | 376% | |
INDONESIA | 556.18 | 232.68 | -58% | |
SRI LANKA DSR | 175.32 | 104.62 | -40% | |
Project Goods | ||||
KAZAKHSTAN | 0 | 0.35 | N/A | |
U S A | 0.12 | 0.31 | 148% | |
BHUTAN | 0.02 | 0.12 | 489% | |
CONGO P REP | 0 | 0.06 | N/A | |
NEPAL | 0.03 | 0.05 | 56% | |
Other Rubber Product Except Footwear | ||||
U S A | 183.26 | 201.72 | 10% | |
GERMANY | 60.4 | 56.67 | -6% | |
U ARAB EMTS | 28.75 | 37.01 | 29% | |
CHINA P RP | 29.25 | 31.64 | 8% | |
NETHERLAND | 24.09 | 31.44 | 31% | |
Other engineering products | ||||
U S A | 1424.47 | 1454.93 | 2% | |
GERMANY | 287.88 | 315.63 | 10% | |
U K | 294.3 | 311.08 | 6% | |
U ARAB EMTS | 259.23 | 283.45 | 9% | |
SAUDI ARAB | 203.43 | 212.25 | 4% |
Source : DGCI&S
State wise engineering export performance
The table below indicates the exports from top Indian states. It is evident from the table that almost 93.6 % of India’s exports is contributed by the listed 12 states. Within this almost 56 percent of exports is done by Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Gujarat together.
(US$ million)
Top States | Cumulative Export April-September 2024-25 | Share % | Remark |
---|---|---|---|
Maharashtra | 9295.9 | 22.99% | 92.7% share covered by top 12 states |
Tamil Nadu | 7153.8 | 17.7% | |
Gujarat | 6171.5 | 15.27% | |
Karnataka | 2843.3 | 7.03% | |
Telangana | 2475 | 6.12% | |
Odisha | 2342 | 5.79% | |
Andhra Pradesh | 2218 | 5.49% | |
Uttar Pradesh | 1782.6 | 4.41% | |
West Bengal | 1391 | 3.44% | |
Madhya Pradesh | 788 | 1.95% | |
Haryana | 744.4 | 1.84% | |
Rajasthan | 653.3 | 1.62% | |
Daman & Diu And Dadra & Nagar Haveli | 490.2 | 1.21% | |
Delhi | 438.1 | 1.08% | |
Chhattisgarh | 360.7 | 0.89% | |
Kerala | 339.8 | 0.84% | |
Jharkhand | 317.5 | 0.79% | |
Punjab | 291.7 | 0.72% | |
Goa | 153.1 | 0.38% | |
Puducherry | 81.9 | 0.2% | |
Uttarakhand | 39.7 | 0.1% | |
Bihar | 29 | 0.07% | |
Himachal Pradesh | 11.1 | 0.03% | |
Assam | 7.9 | 0.02% | |
Chandigarh | 3.9 | 0.01% | |
Arunachal Pradesh | 1 | 0% | |
Jammu & Kashmir | 0.7 | 0% | |
Manipur | 0.6 | 0% | |
Sikkim | 0.4 | 0% | |
Lakshadweep | 0.1 | 0% | |
Andaman & Nicobar | 0.1 | 0% | |
Meghalaya | 0.1 | 0% | |
Ladakh | 0 | 0% | |
Mizoram | 0 | 0% | |
Tripura | 0 | 0% | |
Nagaland | 0 | 0% |
Source : DGCI&S
In terms of region, western region which includes industrial states like Maharashtra and Gujarat is the front runner in terms of exports with 38.3 percent share. Tamil Nadu from the Southern Region has improved its export performance and it ranked second after Maharashtra, while Gujarat and Karnataka ranked third and fourth during April-August 2024-25.
Note : DGCI&S state wise data available till February-2024
Value in US$ million
Region | Sep-2023($Mn) | Sep-2024($Mn) | Growth % | Apr-Sep 2023-24($Mn) | Apr-Sep 2024-25 ($Mn) | Growth % |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WESTERN REGION | 3506.8 | 3362.6 | -4.11% | 17006.7 | 16898.7 | -0.64% |
SOUTHERN REGION | 2544.8 | 3146.6 | 23.65% | 12961.8 | 15111.9 | 16.59% |
EASTERN REGION | 997.9 | 915.4 | -8.27% | 5224.3 | 4449.9 | -14.82% |
NORTHERN REGION | 2004.5 | 638.3 | -68.16% | 9422.8 | 3965.9 | -57.91% |
Grand Total | 9054 | 8062.9 | -10.95% | 44615.6 | 40426.4 | -9.39% |
Engineering forms a considerable part of the broader manufacturing sector and the share of engineering production in overall manufacturing output is quite significant. As exports generally come from what is produced within a country, some correlation between manufacturing production growth and engineering export growth should exist. We briefly lookat the trend in manufacturing growth as also engineering export growth to see if they move in tandem. It may be mentioned that manufacturing has 77.63% weightage in India’s industrial production.
Engineering export growth and manufacturing output growth moved in the same direction in as many as nine out of twelve months in each of the fiscal years 2019-20 and 2020-21. During fiscal 2021-22, engineering export growth and manufacturing growth moved in the same direction in seven out of twelve months while in each of fiscal 2022-23 and 2023-24, as many as 10 out of 12 months saw engineering exports and manufacturing output moved in the same direction.
=The first two month of fiscal 2024-25 also saw manufacturing output growth and engineering exports growth moving in the same direction. April 2024 saw engineering exports declined from a growth in Mar 2024 and manufacturing output growth decelerated. The month of May 2024 witnessed just the opposite. Engineering exports bounced back to growth path and manufacturing output growth accelerated. Then June, July and August 2024 however saw both moved in the opposite direction. June and August 2024 saw higher engineering export growth but lower manufacturing growth in comparison to the previous month while July 2024 just witnessed the reverse.
The link between these two may not be established on a monthly basis, but a positive correlation may be seen if medium to long term trend is considered.
Months/ Year | Engg. Export Growth (%) | Manufacturing Growth (%) |
---|---|---|
April 2020 | -63.05 | -66.6 |
May 2020 | -22.17 | -37.8 |
June 2020 | -5.18 | -17.0 |
July 2020 | 10.56 | -11.4 |
August 2020 | -7.01 | -7.6 |
September 2020 | 4.09 | 0.4 |
October 2020 | -5.01 | 4.5 |
November 2020 | -8.37 | -1.6 |
December 2020 | -0.93 | 2.7 |
January 2021 | 16.66 | -0.9 |
February 2021 | -4.94 | -3.4 |
March 2021 | 67.75 | 28.3 |
April 2021 | 236.85 | 196.0 |
May 2021 | 50.21 | 32.1 |
June 2021 | 51.00 | 13.2 |
July 2021 | 42.57 | 10.5 |
August 2021 | 58.63 | 11.1 |
September 2021 | 35.11 | 4.3 |
October 2021 | 51.76 | 3.3 |
November 2021 | 37.28 | 0.3 |
December 2021 | 47.42 | 0.6 |
January 2022 | 25.63 | 1.9 |
February 2022 | 35.49 | 0.2 |
March 2022 | 19.72 | 1.4 |
April 2022 | 18.30 | 5.6 |
May 2022 | 11.45 | 20.6 |
June 2022 | 3.01 | 13.0 |
July 2022 | -0.03 | 3.2 |
August 2022 | -12.64 | -0.5 |
September 2022 | -11.39 | 2.0 |
October 2022 | -19.68 | -5.8 |
November 2022 | 0.09 | 6.7 |
December 2022 | -11.60 | 3.6 |
January 2023 | -9.76 | 4.0 |
February 2023 | -9.73 | 5.6 |
March 2023 | -7.49 | 0.5 |
April 2023 | -7.27 | 5.5 |
May 2023 | -4.13 | 6.3 |
June 2023 | -10.94 | 3.5 |
July 2023 | -6.65 | 5.0 |
August 2023 | 7.83 | 9.3 |
September 2023 | 6.81 | 4.5 |
October 2023 | 7.20 | N A |
November 2023 | -3.48 | 1.2 |
December 2023 | 9.82 | 4.5 |
January 2024 | 4.21 | 3.6 |
February 2024 | 15.9 | 5.0 |
March 2024 | 10.66 | N A |
April 2024 | -4.49 | 3.9 |
May 2024 | 7.41 | 4.6 |
June 2024 | 10.27 | N A |
July 2024 | 3.66 | 4.6 |
August 2024 | 4.26 | 1.0 |
Source :Department of Commerce and CSO
How did the exchange rate fare during September 2024 and what was the recent trend in ReDollar movement? In order to get a clearer picture of the recent Re-Dollar trend, not only we took the exchange rate of September 2024, but also considered monthly average exchange rate of Rupee vis-à-vis the US Dollar for each month of fiscal 2023-24 and 2024-25 till September 2024 as per the latest data published, as mere one-month figure does not reflect any trend. The following two tables clearly depicts the short-term trend:
(Monthly Average Rate of FBIL has been considered)
Source : FBIL
(As per latest data released by FBIL)
Monthly Average Exchange Rate (1 USD to INR) | Year-on-Year Change (%) | Direction | Month-on-Month Change (%) | Direction | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | 2023-24 | 2024-25 | ||||
April | 82.02 | 83.41 | 1.69 | Depreciation | 0.49 | Depreciation |
May | 82.34 | 83.39 | 1.28 | Depreciation | -0.02 | Appreciation |
June | 82.23 | 83.47 | 1.51 | Depreciation | 0.10 | Depreciation |
July | 82.15 | 83.59 | 1.75 | Depreciation | 0.14 | Depreciation |
August | 82.79 | 83.89 | 1.33 | Depreciation | 0.36 | Depreciation |
September | 83.05 | 83.81 | 0.92 | Depreciation | -0.10 | Depreciation |
Rupee depreciation vis-à-vis the US Dollar continued in the new fiscal 2024-25 on a yearon-year basis but it appreciated on a month-on-month basis in September 2024. Despite of a slight month-on-month appreciation in September 2024, rupee remained under pressure through most of the month due to unwinding of yuan-funded long bets on the rupee, tepid equity inflows and strong dollar demand from local importers. Geopolitical tensions in the Middle East, worries over recession in the US and carryover trade in Japanese yen also weighed on rupee.
(As per latest data released by FBIL)
Monthly Average Exchange Rate (1 USD to INR) | Year-on-Year Change (%) | Direction | Month-on-Month Change (%) | Direction | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | 2022-23 | 2023-24 | ||||
Apr | 76.17 | 82.02 | 7.68 | Depreciation | -0.33 | Appreciation |
May | 77.32 | 82.34 | 6.49 | Depreciation | 0.39 | Depreciation |
Jun | 78.04 | 82.23 | 5.37 | Depreciation | -0.13 | Appreciation |
Jul | 79.60 | 82.15 | 3.20 | Depreciation | -0.10 | Appreciation |
Aug | 80.23 | 83.04 | 3.50 | Depreciation | 0.78 | Depreciation |
Sep | 80.23 | 83.04 | 3.50 | Depreciation | 0.30 | Depreciation |
Oct | 82.34 | 83.24 | 1.09 | Depreciation | 0.24 | Depreciation |
Nov | 81.81 | 83.30 | 1.82 | Depreciation | 0.07 | Depreciation |
Dec | 82.46 | 83.28 | 0.99 | Depreciation | -0.02 | Appreciation |
Jan | 81.90 | 83.12 | 1.49 | Depreciation | -0.19 | Appreciation |
Feb | 82.61 | 82.96 | 0.42 | Depreciation | -0.19 | Appreciation |
Mar | 82.29 | 83.00 | 0.86 | Depreciation | 0.05 | Depreciation |
Source : FBIL, EEPC Research
We now present the trend in two-way yearly trade for the engineering sector for the 2024-25 depicted in the table below:
(US$ million)
Trade Flow | Apr | May | June | July | August | September |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Engineering Export | 11034.8 | 10.0 | 9.4 | 9.0 | 9.4 | 9.8 |
Engineering Import | 10985.6 | 12.9 | 12.0 | 12.5 | 14.1 | 12.7 |
Trade Balance | -0.4 | -2.9 | -2.6 | -3.5 | -4.7 | -2.9 |
Source : DGCI&S
India’s engineering exports continued its stellar performance for the fifth consecutive month with a growth rate of 10.55% in monthly terms and 5.25% in cumulative terms. The increase was majorly continued by industrial machinery, electrical machinery, automobile and auto components, medical devices, etc. Decline in both monthly and cumulative terms was evident in the ferrous and non-ferrous metal sector. This can be mainly attributed to global uncertainties, shifting trade policies and in some instances rising domestic demand.
The recent WTO global update has also been positive despite potential setbacks triggered by geopolitical conflicts. WTO revised the projected growth rate of global trade in goods in 2024 from the last 2.6% to 2.7%. The WTO however cautions that despite the positive outlook, governments and industries should be cautious as rising geopolitical tensions and increased economic policy uncertainty continue to pose substantial downside risks to the forecast.
As the time is fraught with both certain challenges and uncertainty we urge the government to continue their support for the industry such that exporters can remain competitive in the global market.